Ali Adil Shah II, also known by his pen name Shahi (reigned 1067-1082), was not only a ruler but also a patron of literature and the arts, fostering a vibrant literary culture in Bijapur. He played a pivotal role in the development of Persian and Deccani literature during his reign. Ali Adil Shah II is particularly notable for his mentorship of the poet Nusrati, who was both a student and a guide to the Sultan. This relationship helped establish poetry as a widely celebrated art form in Bijapur, making it a household name in the region.

Shahi was a versatile poet, contributing to a range of poetic forms, both in complex and simple metres. His works, though largely unavailable in the past, have been compiled in a collection that showcases his mastery. His qasidas reflect his royal stature and highlight his skill in vivid depictions of themes related to power and sovereignty. His ghazals, rich in themes of love and life, further demonstrate his poetic depth. Historians have noted the richness of his language, and the responsibility of compiling his works was entrusted to Abul Muala.

Under Ali Adil Shah II’s patronage, the cultural landscape of Bijapur flourished, with notable advancements in literature, fine arts, and historical writing. His reign saw significant developments in both Persian and Deccani literature. Nusrati, serving as the poet-laureate during this period, contributed greatly to the literary legacy of the Sultan’s court. Ali Adil Shah II was laid to rest in Ali Ka Rouza, near the iconic Bara Kaman in Bijapur, a testament to his lasting influence on the cultural and literary heritage of the Deccan.

Further Reading:
1. Rifat, Syed Mubarizuddin, editor. Kulliyat-e-Shahi. Anjuman Taraqqi Urdu (Hind), 1962.
2. Sajida, Zeenat, editor. Kulliyat-e-Shahi. Ejaz Printing Press, 1962.
3. Hashmi, Naseer-Uddin. Dakan MeiN Urdu. 1st ed., Taraqqi Urdu Bureau, 1985